SNAP-25 is a promising novel cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for synapse degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease

Table 1 Demographic data and biomarker CSF levels for the diagnostic groups ^a

German cohort	Control	Prodromal Alzheimer’s disesase	Alzheimer’s disease
Number (Men/Women)	9 (2/7)	7 (4/3)	9 (3/6)
Age (years)	70 (68-74)	72 (69-73)	68 (68-79)
MMSE	27 (25-29)	28 (27-28)	22 (21-23) P = 0.02^b, P = 0.001^c
Aβ1-42 (ng/L)	1065 (797-1201)	541 (521-753) P = 0.005^b	524 (424-695) P = 0.0005^b
T-tau (ng/L)	165 (135-208)	403 (353-513) P = 0.0002^b	779 (683-864) P = 0.00004^b, P = 0.002^c
P-tau₁₈₁ (ng/L)	45 (38-50)	81 (76-95) P = 0.0002^b	130 (108-161) P = 0.00004^b, P = 0.005^c
Swedish cohort I	Control	Prodromal Alzheimer’s disesase	Alzheimer’s disease
Number (Men/Women)	6 (1/5)		10 (3/7)
Age (years)	54 (48-63)		77 (73-82) P = 0.001^b
MMSE	27 (27-28)		24 (22-25) P = 0.0003^b
Aβ1-42 (ng/L)	915 (860-1040)		470 (355-560) P = 0.0003^b
T-tau (ng/L)	290 (230-300)		690 (590-1100) P = 0.0002^b
P-tau₁₈₁ (ng/L)	56 (40-60)		92 (84-132) P = 0.0003^b
Swedish cohort II	Control	Prodromal Alzheimer’s disesase	Alzheimer’s disease
Number (Men/Women)	17 (9/8)		17 (5/12)
Age (years)	66 (64-68)		68 (66-70)
MMSE	30 (29-30)		25 (24-27) P < 0.0001^b
Aβ1-42 (ng/L)	640 (530-870)		320 (210-440) P = 0.0001^b
T-tau (ng/L)	250 (180-320)		560 (360-1020) P = 0.0006^b
P-tau₁₈₁ (ng/L)	46 (34-58)		93 (54-127) P = 0.001^b

Abbreviations: Aβ1-42 (amyloidβ 1-42), CSF (cerebrospinal fluid), MMSE (mini-mental state examination), T-tau (total tau), P-tau₁₈₁ (tau phosphorylated at threonine 181).
^aData are given as median (interquartile range) unless otherwise indicated. Statistical differences were determined using nonparametric tests.
^bCompared with controls.
^cCompared with prodromal Alzheimer’s disease.

ISSN: 1750-1326