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Fig. 7 | Molecular Neurodegeneration

Fig. 7

From: Chronic adiponectin deficiency leads to Alzheimer’s disease-like cognitive impairments and pathologies through AMPK inactivation and cerebral insulin resistance in aged mice

Fig. 7

Schematic presentation shows the Adiponectin signaling pathway in neuron under normal (left) and disease (right) conditions. We proposed that APN deficiency leads to decreased AMPK activation in neurons and increased IRS-1 phosphorylation at serine616 which inhibits the formation of pIRS-1Tyr. Cerebral insulin resistance is progressively developed and thereby causing the reduced level of pAktS473. The GSK3α/β become activated and may promote formation of Aβ oligomers and Tau phosphorylation. The accumulation of extracellular Aβ oligomers may induce M1 microglial reactivation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that associated with neuronal apoptosis and synaptic loss, and subsequently cognitive decline in aged APN-KO mice

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